They result in complaints of insomnia or sleep state misperception and have significant decreased daily activities and impaired cognitive functions. These patients are characterized by frequent arousals or failing to get to sleep in the early sleep stage and don’t feel refreshed in the morning. Usually, many patients have various causes or conditions such as psychophysiological insomnia (PPI), periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS), restless legs syndrome (RLS), obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS), congestive heart failure (CHF), delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), etc. Although these sleep onset insomnia has generally been attributed to psychological or psychiatric causes, it can also be secondary to a medical, circardian, or sleep disorder. Sleep onset insomnia, defined as difficulty initiating asleep, is a common disorder with associated impairment or significant distress and is associated with daytime consequences. Hwan Seok Park 1, Eun Yeon Joo 2, Seung Bong Hong 2ġDepartment of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea 2Department of Neurology, Sleep Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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